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I R A N C H A M B E R O F C O M M E R C E , I N D U S T R I E S & M I N E S |
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I R A N C H A M B E R O F C O M M E R C E , I N D U S T R I E S & M I N E S |
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 Kandovan village  A girl from Asalem  Felt making  II Goli pavilion, Tabriz  Felt making  Maqbarat-o Sho'ara  Kabud Mosque |
Geography and History | |
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with 46929,9 square kilometers, the province of East Azarbaijan is locates
on the north-west corner of the,country.It includes 12 districts which
are: Tabriz, Ahar, Bostanabsd, Bonab, Sarab, Shabestar, Kaliber, Maragheh, Marand, Miyaneh, Harees,and Hashtrood.The historic city of Tabriz is the political and adminestrative capital of the province.With 235 Kilometers international border with the Azarbaijan Republic, Armenia and Nakhjavan this province is neghhbor to these new states.And through a railway line which crosses the province via julfa,the border check unit ,the province and Iran are connected to Nakhjavan,Irevan,Tablisi,The republic of Ukraine,and all ports around the Black sea. This province is also connected to many counries and states of the region by different network of roads. In 1991 the population of the province was nearly 3,278,000 which was formed of 55.1% registerd to be urban dwellers,and the remaining 44.9% as villagers and nomad tribes.The city of Tabriz , with more than 800000 habitants is the most agglomerated city and the adminestrating center of the province. the province of E-Azarbijan is singnificant for its topographic charecterisitics.The mountain Sahand peak,which is located 50 Kilometers to the south of Tabriz, with 3722 meters altitude is the highest in the province ,while the lowest point is the Oromei eh lake side ,with 1220 meters altitude. the mountainous parts of the province are locates in three areas, north,Qaradagh mountains,central Sahand and Bozhoush,and south ,Qafelankooh. the climate of the province is generally cold and dry.the mountainous parts of the province have a very cold climate, but the lowlands enjoy temperate weather.The average of the temperature are recorded in the city of Tabriz , 8.9C,as the lowest,and in the city of Maragheh,20.2C as the highest, while the average of the lowest temperature in the province is -1 C. the province of E-Azarbaijan is a Part of the ancient Iranian territory.During the Alexander (so called the great),(331,BC), a great commander called Atorpat,who was the commander of the little Maad,rebelled in this territory, and a part of the little Maad ,which is the now Azarbaijan,was liberated from the Greeks .For this reason ,this territory was called Atorpatkan.then its name was changed several times to Azarabadegan,Azarbadgan,and Azarbaijan,Most Islamic historians believe that Azarbaijan was the birth place of Zoratust,the old ,Iranian profit,whose birth place was in the region of Oromeyeh, and exactlt , a town called Kanzak,which is located near the lake Cheechest (Oromeyeh).During its more than 2000 years history, this province has been witness to many historical ,political and social events,and during this period,significant characteristics of an old civilization occurred there,which left many intersting things to visitors to see.the province of E-azarbaijan is significant also for its natural attraction.Its river-sides, The mineral and natural water spring and stream,the nice place for walking,the baeutiful woodlands, the protected natural areas,the wonderful peaks and highest , the wonderful caves and natural beauties,all are tourist attractions. From the cultural point of view too,the E-Azarbaijan province is significant for including a collection of old tradition and historical customs.the most significant characteristics of the Azarbaijan culture ,is the language and the local folklore,which have been mixed with the old traditions and the local customs.the spoken language in Azarbaijan in the Turkish Azery.The Iranian Azeries,as well as the People of the republic of Azarbaijan have been speaking this language for many centries.This province has also been the cradle of many famous scholars,arefs and poets such as: Molana Baba Mazeed,Khaojeh Abdul Raheem Ajabadi,Shaykh Hassan Bolghari,Abdul Qader Nakhjavani , Molana Ahmad Harati,Hammam Tabrizi ,Khaqani Shirvani,Asadi Tousi,Abolla Falaki,Zaheer-ol-Deen Faryabi,Anvari Abivardi,Qatran Tabrizi,Shaykh Mohammed Khyabani, Theqatol-Islam,Sattar Khan(The national commander),as well as many other famous people .From the late age,one can name Ostad Mohammed Husain Shahryar,the most famous poet in Iran and Azarbaijan. the following are some description about the historic ,cultural and tourism emage of the most important cities and towns of the province: |
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| Tabriz | ||
 Mashrutiat house  Mashrutiat house  Sahib-alAmr Mosque  Preparing raisins  Kabud Mosque  Gonbad-e Kabud |
With 619 kilometers distance to Tehran, and 150 kilometers to the border
with the republic of Azarbaijan , this city has kept its significant
location for centuries.the name of Tabriz was mentioned first in the
Aserian king,epigraph of Sargon II in 714 BC.During the third and the
fourth centuries, Tabriz was a famous city, and it was taken as a capital
for the first time by the Rewadiyan Family.Between the Rewadiyan period
and the Moguls,the city had been destroyed several times due to
earthquakes.During the Moguls kings,and during Sultan Mahmood Ghazan (694
AD) Tabriz enjoyed its golden age,and was very big and developed city.The
Alishah Mosque , the Rasheedi Quarter , and the shanb Ghazan were
constructed during this period .After the Moguls too,during the
Jalayeries,the Turkomans,and the Safavids,Tabriz was the formal capital of
Iran.the Kabood Mosque is of the remaining of the turkemens period.During
the late centuries, Tabriz was also significant for its accomodation of
the peopl’s revolution and for the great solidarity against the Ottomans
and the Russian attacks.So the people of Tabriz are famous for thier brave
hart commanders such as Satter Khan and Baqer Khan who were the peopl’s
commanders during the consitution revolution (1905).In 1920, the Aleasder
Shykh Mohammed Khyabani rebelled against the british invaders in Tabriz,
and his movement resulted into the cancellation of the Iran-British
treaty.And finally during the Islamic revolution(1978-1979) the people of
tabriz have played a significant role which result into the victory of the
revolution.Now , Tabriz is one of the most beautiful and historic cities
in Iran, and its main historical leisure places are as following: hThe Muncipality Place which is the most nice bulding in Tabriz .It was constructed according to the Western architecture, and it belong to the Pahlavi I period. hThe Remaining of the Rasheedi Qurter Castle which belong to the Moguls period. hThe Historical Village Kandevan and its Mineral water Spring which is located on the southern side of the town of Osoko. hThe Historical Complex of the Great Bazzar of Tabriz which belong to the early centuries of the Islamic period. hThe Friday Mosque which is one of the oldest historical buldings in Tabriz, and according to some historians its bulding’s history belongs to the early Islamic period. hThe Alishah Mosque (Arke Tabriz) which was built by Tajoldeen Alishah Gilani Tabrizi, the Prime of Sultan Mohammed Khodabandeh and Abu Sa’eed Bahadorkhan from 716 to 725 AH. hThe Kabood Mosque(Gouy Masjid) which is one of the remainings of the Jahan Shah Ben Qareh Yousef, one of the Turkemans Kings of Aq Quenlo. It was built in 870 AH. hThe Poet’s Cemetery which is one of the most attractive buldings in tabriz now.Many of the Azarbijan famous poets as well as many arefs and scholars have been buried there. hSayed Hamzeh Tomb which is one of the beautiful places in tabriz, and has significant deoration.It is one of the Safavids and the Qajar remaining , and many people visit it daily. hThe Azarbijan Museum which contains a significant collection of the most valuable historical remainings, collected from different parts of the province. hThe Natural Valleys of the Saeed Abad and Sahand Mountains which is known as the bride mountain of Iran hThe Beautiful Bulding and Garden of Eel Gueli (former Shahguli) which is of the Qajar period. |
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| Bostanabad | ||
| Bostanabad is located 55
kilometers far away from Tabriz.the town was built on the site of the old
city Ojan which was disappeared and its name was mentioned in most books
of history since the sixth century AH.Ojan was the summer capital of the
Moguls, which was completely destroyed later on due to various events.From
the many historical nad natural valuable places in the district of
Bostanabad, one can mention the following : hQuory gueol Lake which is one of the most beautiful leisure places of the province, and one of the natural shelters for many migrant birds. hWarm Water Spring which is located near the main road between Tabriz and Tehran hAq Bolaq Cave which is located south to Qara chaman. |
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| Shabestar | ||
| Shabestar is located 60
kilometers north-east of Tabriz.It is situated on the main
Iranian-International railway line which connects Tehran and Tabriz to
Turkey and Europe.During the Safavid period, the famous road named
Tabriz-Tarabouzan was crossing the district of shabestar.the district of
shabestar is famous also because of the famous Aref Shaykh Mahmood
Shabestary(Author of Gulshane Raz) and because it was the birth place of
the clergy rebel Shaykh Mohammed Khabani (birth in Khameneh) and the
famous Azery author of scoffing books,Mirza Ali Akbar Moejiz
Shabestari.The most intersting historical places and building of the
district of Shabestar are as following: hThe Jami’s Mosque (the Friday Pray Mosque-Tasouj) which was constructed in 989 AH,during the period of Sultan Mohammed Khodabandeh. hShaykh Mohammed Shabestari Tomb which belongs to the modern time. hThe Oromeyeh Lake-side which is valuable for its being leisure place. hThe Outskirt of Mishudagh Mountain and the Fall of Aishabad which are known as leisure places. |
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| Ahar (Arasbaran) | ||
| The Mountainous district of
ahar is one of the oldest states of Azarbijan .the Ahar area was the
battle-field between Babak Khorramdeen and his followers on the one side,
and the Arab solders on the other, for 20 years during the third century
AH. the town of Ahar, also was the headquarter of the chief commander, Abbas Mirza,during the battle between Iran and Russia during the late Qajar period.The most intersting historical places and remainings of this district can be mentioned as following: hThe Historical Castle named Qahgah,Jousheen, hpashtow and norooz which belong to the early Islamic period. hThe Stony Epigraph Soqndel which is located north to Warzeqan, and belong to the pre-Christ history. hThe Old Bazzar hThe Jami’ Mosque of Ahar which belong to the Saljuk period. hThe Holly Tomb of Shaykh Shehaboldeen Ahari which is the grave of the famous Azarbaijan Aref.It is decorated in very intersting and beautiful way,and it belongs to the seventh century AH. hPayaghan Beautiful Valley and Paygham Historic Castle. hSaigram Daq Protected Natural Area which is registered bt the UNISCO as Biosphere Derey Store, |
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| Kaleber | ||
| This town is located 165
kilometers north-east of Tabriz. The district of Kaleber is Affected by
the Caspian Sea climate,so its high mountains are always covered by
fog.The Aras river crosses this district from the northen part,and the
famous castle of Babak(The People Castle) is located on the mountain and
it called locally by the name Qiz Qalasi.It is situated 2600 meters high,
west to Kaleber.From the other historic places,one can name the following: hThe Castle and the Historic Bath of Kardasht which is located inside the village Kardasht,and it belong to thr Qajar period. |
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| Sarab | ||
| This town is 636 Kilometers
far away from Tehran,and 130 kilometers far away from Tabriz.The district
os Sarab is situated between the high mountains of Bozquosh and the peak
of Sabalan, and it enjoy temperate weather in summer while it is very cold
in winter. The town of Sarab is one of the oldest and historic settlement
of Azarbijan. An epigraph is found near the town which belongs to the
Oratoey period.the volcanic mountains which are situated around the town
provide the area with many mineral waters as numeral springs and
streams.From the many intersting places in Sarab, one can visit the
following: hThe stony Epigraph of Orratoey Qirakh Qizlar hThe Stony Epigraph of Razliq which is located 12 kilometers north to the town of sarab hFire Place(Chahar Taqi) Aghmeyon which is located north-east to the town os Sarab, and it belong to the Saanid period. hThe Stony Caravan Sara Saein which belong to the Safavid period. hThe Old and Stony Mosques Jamalabad and Asneq which are located in Alan Baraghoush, and belong to the early Islamic period. hThe Jami’ Mosque of Sarab which belongs to the 9th century AH. hThe Warm and Mineral Water Spring such as Allah Haq, hAbres, and Sarab. |
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| Maragheh | ||
 Mehr temple |
The district of
maragheh is located on the west-south part of the province, and on the
outskirt of the mountain Sahand, and its distance to Tabriz is 130
Kilometers,The town of maragheh is one of the oldest and the most
historical valuable towns of Iran.During the liberation battles of Babak
Khorramdeen with the Arabs,This town was the headquarters of the Arab
army.In 628 AH maragheh was occupied by the Moguls, and 656 AH it became
the headquarters of the mogul famous commander and leader Houlako
Khan.There are still many historical remaining from Houlako Khan period
existed in maragheh. From the many historical places of Maragheh,one can
mention the following: hThe Historical Castle of Qizlar Qalasi which belong to the later Sasanid and the earlier Islamic period. hThe Remainings of the maragheh Observatory which belong to the Houlako period. hThe Five Domes (Surkh, Kabood, Modawwar,Ghaffareyyeh, and Guei Borj) which belong to the Moguls period. hThe famous Cave of Kabootar which is located on the south-east of maragheh. hThe Old Mosques of Molla Rustam, Moezel Deen,Shaykh Baba,as well as the Maragheh Jami’ Mosque,all belong to different Islamic periods. hThe Tomb of the famous Azarbijan poet,Aohadi Maragheh. hThe Mineral Water Springs:Varjavi, Gushayesh,Sari Su,Shour Su, and Okoz Boughaz.the beautiful Valley of Gushayesh which is located near to the Kabooter Cave. hThe Beautiful Outskirts of Mountainous Forests of Sahand which are located on the easter side of the district of Maragheh |
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| Marand | ||
| The district and the Town of
Marand are situated on the north-west of the East-Azarbaijan province, on
a semi-mountainous area. More than two fifth of the total area are
mountainous and the remainings are flat and highly fertilized area.Marand
was an important ceneter during the Kaldeh and Ashour period, and
according to some historians, the profit Nooh was buried there.The name of
Marand was extracted from the Pahlavid word "Maadvand" which means the
place where the Maad tribes live.The most important historical ans natural
places in Marand are as following: hThe Remainings of a Sasanid period Fire-Place which is located on the gray hill of Marand hThe Jami’ Mosque of Marand which is very old,and belongs to the Pre-Islamic period, than the early Islamic. hSt. Stepanos Church which belongs to theearly Islamic period. hYaam Valley Leisure Place. hThe Outskirt Of the Mishoodagh Mountain and the Water Fall of Asia Kharabeh |
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| Meianeh | ||
| The district and the town of Meianeh are situated in a valley between two mountain chains called bozqoosh and Qafelnkooh. Meianeh is one of the oldest Iraninan Towns,and it was totally destroyed by the Moguls attacks,but it was once again reconstructed and developed.It was also called some times ago by the name of "Meianj" and "Gramrood".From the many historical places in Meianeh one can name; the Girl Bridge , the Girl Castle, Imam-Zadeh Esmaeel Tomb, and The Turk Big Stony Mosque. | ||
| Hashtrood | ||
| The town and the district of Hashtrood are situated south-east to Tabriz, and north to Zanjan. The name of Hashtrood means "8 rivers" which came from the location of the town near to the 8 rivers of the region.The name of these rivers are ; Qaranqow,Idoghmoosh,Aji Chay,Qaleh Chay, Qouri Chay,Ajeerloo, Qareh Qieh, and Laylan Chay.And beacuse of these 8 rivers,The district of Hashtrood is Significant for its country side landscapes.The most attractive place in Hashtrood are;the Zahhak Castle as Well as the beautiful river-sides. | ||
| Harees | ||
| The district and the town of Harees are known as historical places in the E-Azarbaijan province, and according the Deed of endowment, which is called "the Rasheedi Qurter", and it was written during the Ghazan Khan Mogul period, it was inhabited area.The town of Harees is one of the oldest and the most fertilized areas of the province.The most important religious and historic places in the area, are;Shaykh Ishaaq Tomb,the Maneeq Grave, and the Gour Grave.The Town of Harees and the surrounding villages are internationally well-known for the good quality and very beautiful carpets which are produced there. the carpet of Harees is one of the mostadvanced art and handicrafts, and only in Iran, But all around the World. | ||
| Wild Life | ||
| Many kinds of wild animals live in the province of E-Azarbaijan. On the Mountainous and forest areas; live beers, wolfs,pigs,foxes,and rabbits.On the river-sides and lake-sides there are: Partridge, Duck, wildduck,Pheasant,ringdov,pelicansflamingo,different kinds of ducks,crane,swan,heron,and other kinds of birds.Near to the peaks of Sahand, Bozqoosh and Qaradaagh,live many kinds of wild animals such as;wild sheep,wild cat,Partridge,beer,panther,deer,gazelle,falcon,and other kinds.And in the mountainous forest, live many kinds of snakes,serpents,rattlesnake, and different kinds of lizards. | ||
| Trip to, and Stay in the Province | ||
| all district and towns of the province are provided with well connected nets of road,and traviling facilities,so atrip to these destination is very easy job. All towns of the proince are well facilitated by networks of services such as telecommunication and health services,and all service staff are familiar with tourism regulation as well as local culture.The International Airport of Tabriz is well facilitated, and many international as well as national flight are held there dily. | ||
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